To study the interactions between electrons in a material, physicists have come up with a number of tricks over the years. These interactions are interesting, among other things, because they lead to ...

Force spectroscopy relies on the precise measurement of forces acting on a probe as it interacts with a sample. The key principles of force spectroscopy include: AFM-based force spectroscopy is the ...

Vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VaCNT) membranes can be used to clean or desalinate water with a high flow rate and low pressure. Recently, researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ...

Tunable DNA hairpin springs stretch millions of protein copies under piconewton tension, enabling bulk biochemical discovery of binding partners invisible to single-molecule techniques. (Nanowerk ...

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