Experiments reveal how estrogen enhances dopamine and cognitive function. Hormones are known to have powerful effects on the brain, influencing mood, motivation, and decision-making. Yet, the precise ...

Dopamine doesn’t flood the brain as once believed – it fires in exact, ultra-fast bursts that target specific neurons. The discovery turns a century-old view of dopamine on its head and could ...

Researchers have long established that hormones significantly affect the brain, creating changes in emotion, energy levels, and decision-making. However, the intricacies of these processes are not ...

Dopamine is the brain's motivational spark, driving us to chase what feels good, say scrolling another reel on social media, and steer clear of what doesn't, like touching a hot stove. But scientists ...

For the first time, dopamine regulation has been mapped in real time, deep inside the brains of three humans, revealing how the brain neurotransmitter plays an essential role in not just recognizing ...

Dopamine is a nuanced molecule that not only plays important roles in bad habits but also in behaviors that are necessary for survival and well-being. With the demonization of dopamine in recent years ...

A new study shows that dopamine release in the human brain plays a crucial role in encoding both reward and punishment prediction errors. This means that dopamine is involved in the process of ...

A new study shows that estrogen naturally modulates dopamine signaling in the brain, altering how female rats learn reward cues across the reproductive cycle.

Ms. Szalavitz is a contributing Opinion writer who covers addiction and public policy. In August 2021, while promoting her new book “Dopamine Nation,” the Stanford psychiatrist Anna Lembke discussed ...